--- 1/draft-ietf-mboned-imrp-some-issues-01.txt 2006-02-05 00:19:50.000000000 +0100 +++ 2/draft-ietf-mboned-imrp-some-issues-02.txt 2006-02-05 00:19:50.000000000 +0100 @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ + MBONE Deployment Working Group David Meyer Internet Draft University of Oregon -Expiration Date: September 1997 March 1997 + +Expiration Date: December 1997 June 1997 Some Issues for an Inter-domain Multicast Routing Protocol - draft-ietf-mboned-imrp-some-issues-01.txt + draft-ietf-mboned-imrp-some-issues-02.txt -1. Status Of This Memo +1. Status of this Memo This document is an Internet-Draft. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as ``work in progress.'' @@ -60,22 +62,22 @@ 4. Forwarding State Distribution The objective of a multicast forwarding state distribution mechanism is to ensure that multicast traffic is efficiently distributed to those parts of the topology where there are receivers. Dense and sparse mode protocols will accept differing overheads based on design tradeoffs. In the dense mode case, the data-driven nature state distribution has disadvantage that data is periodically distributed to branches of the distribution tree which don't have receivers - ("Flood and Prune" behavior). It seems unlikely that this mechanism - will be scalable to Internet-wide case. + ("Broadcast and Prune" behavior). It seems unlikely that this + mechanism will be scalable to Internet-wide case. On the other hand, sparse mode protocols use receiver-initiated, explicit joins to establish a forwarding path along a shared distribution tree. While the on-demand nature of sparse mode protocols have favorable properties with respect to distribution of forwarding state, it also has the possible disadvantage of creating dependencies on shared resources (again, see the section on "Third- Party Resource Dependencies" below). 5. Forwarding State Maintenance @@ -94,21 +96,26 @@ multicast to scale to Internet sizes. Thus it seems likely that Inter-domain multicast routing protocols will have to do less forwarding state maintenance, and hence be less aggressive in reshaping distribution trees. Note that this reshaping is related to what has been termed "routing flux" (again, see [LABOV97]), since the routing traffic does not directly affect path selection. Rather, the primary effect is to require significant processing resources in a border router. Finally, note that unlike the unicast case, we do not have good data characterizing this effect for multicast routers. -5.1. Bursty Source Problem +5.1. Data Driven Forwarding State Creation + + Another issue with broadcast and prune protocols is that forwarding + state is created in a data-driven manner. + +5.2. Bursty Source Problem When a source's inter-burst period is longer than the router state timeout period, some or all of a source's packets can be lost. This effect has been termed the "Bursty Source Problem" [ESTRIN97]. The current set of multicast routing protocols attempt, where possible, to avoid this problem (i.e., maximize response to bursty sources). 6. Mixed Control Mixing control of topology discovery and distribution tree @@ -213,24 +220,24 @@ be exacerbated if the RP/Core space is global; if a router is registering to a RP/Core that is not in the local domain (say, fielded by the site's direct provider), then the routing domain is flat. 12. Multicast Internal Gateway Protocol (MIGP) Independence A shared tree, explicit join protocol inter-domain routing protocol may require modification to a leaf domain's internal multicast routing mechanism. The problem arises when a domain is running a - "flood and prune" protocol such as DVMRP or PIM-DM internally while - participating in a shared tree inter-domain protocol. In this case, - there can be areas of the (internal) topology that has receivers but - will not receive inter-domain traffic. + "broadcast and prune" protocol such as DVMRP or PIM-DM internally + while participating in a shared tree inter-domain protocol. In this + case, there can be areas of the (internal) topology that has + receivers but will not receive inter-domain traffic. [THALER96] describes interoperability rules to alleviate this problem. Consider the case where a border router has interfaces in an inter-domain shared tree region and a DVMRP region. The rules covering this case state that either the DVMRP region must implement Region Wide Reports [HDVMRP], or the DVMRP component of the border router must be a wildcard receiver for externally reached sources, while the shared tree component is a wildcard receiver for internally reached sources. Alternatively, many current implementations use a "receiver-is-sender" approach (which depends for the most part on